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Yes.
Under employment laws you can quit basically at any time with given notice and you can apply to any job no matter who you are or what you did before. The non compete clauses are always part of the employment contract. Usually, what's in the contract is binding, but: there's things that might be voided upon examination. Here things like consideration and unconscionability come into play. I assume this clause would be ruled unconscionable against employment laws, therefore the clause is basically removed from contracts after the fact and precedent allows for it to be voided upon future use.
employment laws > contract law. That's all it boils down to I assume, just what weighs more.
A lot of European countries allow only very limited non compete clauses or none at all. Moving in that direction is not really without precedent, so there's your legal argument.
Also obligatory IANAL, if you think I'm wrong and you got sources, please correct me. I wanna learn what I don't know.
I think we are talking about two different things. I was mainly asking for legal reason for the judge's injunction, looks like it is not a ruling but a stall tho.
She will rule later. That's what I was getting, what is the reason to disagree for the judge here.
I think you described how employment law works correctly though. non compete clause is hard to enforce in many places and for most jobs maybe save of some super red states.
But I also don't think that is their primary goal either, I would posit the goal is to "send a message" or "chill employees will to shop for work"
Found another article with more information:
https://www.google.com/amp/s/natlawreview.com/article/federal-district-court-grants-preliminary-injunction-against-ftc-rule-banning-non%3famp
So basically If I understand this correctly, the court is slapping the FTC for jurisdiction and saying "until further ruling Ryan LLC can legally use their non compete clauses".
So the judge has a vague notion to rule against the FTC but it's not clear if they do or if it's gonna have national consequences, as this could just as well be a case specific ruling.
So yeah, the indicators lean a little bit towards non competes staying legal, but we're still way out from knowing what will happen.