this post was submitted on 17 Sep 2023
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All the avian ones.
are you talking avian dinosaurs or current birds that have descended from dinosaurs? or both?
"Avian dinosaurs" is current birds. The term "non-avian dinosaurs" is often used specifically to refer to what the casual person is usually thinking of when they hear the word "dinosaur".
are there any other avian species than those descended from dinosaurs? (not trying to argue or salvage a lost argument, but is there?)
EDIT -- yes, i'm a dummy... flies, mosquitoes, bats.. ugh, i should really cut back on my cannabis
No, you were right the first time. Avian doesn't mean "flying", but "relating to birds". Basically, dinosaurs are a big tree (the technical term is "clade") consisting of all animals that descend from a particular common ancestor (the last common ancestor of all dinosaurs). Because all birds descend from the same last common ancestor as raptors, sauropods, ceratopsia (e.g. triceratops), etc., birds are dinosaurs.
There seems to be some disagreement about the precise use of terminology in formal contexts, but I think in an informal context the term "avian" in "non-avian dinosaurs" has a comparatively clear meaning. Avians seems to point to the clade "aves", which are (in this case) the last common ancestor of all the currently living birds and all of its descendants. So non-avian dinosaurs is taking the clade of all creatures descended from the last common ancestor of all dinosaurs, and snipping off the sub-clade of those creatures descended from the last common ancestor of all birds.
Pterosaurs are among the most closely-related creatures to dinosaurs, but are not quite included. Bats are a long way removed from the clade of dinosaurs, and insects are even further away. None of these are avian, despite sharing the ability for flight.
Incidentally, you do seem to have touched upon three of the four separate times flight has evolved. Insects, birds, and bats. The fourth being pterosaurs. It's also thought that scansoriopterygidae, another family of dinosaurs, might have been able to fly (they could definitely at least glide), which would mean dinosaurs evolved flight two separate times: scansoriopterygidae and birds.