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This is a place to post words you read and had to look up or simply enjoyed the rare word drop in something you read.

Post only the word(s) in the title bar, and the definition(s) in the post body along with the title/author of what you were reading when you encountered it. Posts are not intended as book reviews, but the comments section is free game.

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Ontology, Metaphysics, Epistemology, a priori, a posteriori, Rationalism, Empiricism, Relativism (lemmy.world)

submitted 7 months ago by [email protected] to c/[email protected]

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ontology - the metaphysical study of the nature of being and existence
metaphysics - the philosophical study of being and knowing
epistemology - the philosophical theory of knowledge
a priori - derived by logic without observed facts
a posteriori - derived from observed facts
rationalism - the philosophical doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resorting to experience
empiricism - the philosophical doctrine that knowledge derives from experience
relativism - the philosophical doctrine that all criteria of judgement are relative to the individuals and situations involved

From Wikipedia:

Ontological perspectives

Social scientists adopt a number of approaches to ontology. Some of these are:

Realism - the idea that facts are "out there" just waiting to be discovered;
Empiricism - the idea that we can observe the world and evaluate those observations in relation to facts;
Positivism - which focuses on the observations themselves, attending more to claims about facts than to facts themselves;
Grounded theory - which seeks to derive theories from facts;
Engaged theory - which moves across different levels of interpretation, linking different empirical questions to ontological understandings;
Postmodernism - which regards facts as fluid and elusive, and recommends focusing only on observational claims.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology

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